Nozzle shapes

Purpose

Nozzle shapes can be used for the insertion of droplet sprays and laser beams (examples).

Syntax

The following nozzle shapes are available:

Shape

Keyword

Description

cylinder

outer_nozzle_radius

obligatory, outer radius of the nozzle orifice [length]

inner_nozzle_radius

inner radius of the nozzle orifice, < outer_nozzle_radius [length]

cone

outer_nozzle_radius

obigatory, outer radius of the nozzle orifice [length]

inner_nozzle_radius

inner radius of the nozzle orifice, < outer_nozzle_radius [length]

outer_cone_angle

obligatory, outer cone opening angle of the spray, range: (0,180) units: [degrees]

inner_cone_angle

inner cone opening angle of the spray, range: (0, outer_cone_angle ), units: [degrees]

pyramid

pyramid_x_axis

obligatory vector, axis of one pyramid side [length]

pyramid_x_length

obligatory, length of x-axis pyramid side, range: (0,∞), units: [length]

pyramid_y_length

obligatory, length of y-axis pyramid side, range: (0,∞), units: [length]

pyramid_x_angle

obligatory, opening angle at pyramid side orthogonal to x-axis [degrees]

pyramid_y_angle

obligatory, opening angle at pyramid side orthogonal to y-axis [degrees]

elliptic_cylinder

ellipsoid_x_axis

obligatory vector, axis of a principle axis of the ellipse [length]

outer_nozzle_x_radius

obligatory, outer radius of the nozzle orifice along x-axis, range: (0,∞), units: [length]

inner_nozzle_x_radius

inner radius of the nozzle orifice along x-axis, range: (0, outer_nozzle_x_radius ), units: [length]

outer_nozzle_y_radius

obligatory, outer radius of the nozzle orifice along y-axis, range: (0,∞), units: [length]

inner_nozzle_y_radius

inner radius of the nozzle orifice along y-axis, range: (0, outer_nozzle_y_radius ), units: [length]

elliptic_cone

ellipsoid_x_axis

obligatory vector, axis of a principle axis of the ellipse [length]

outer_nozzle_x_radius

obligatory, obligatory, outer radius of the nozzle orifice along x-axis, range: (0,∞), units: [length]

inner_nozzle_x_radius

inner radius of the nozzle orifice along x-axis, range: (0, outer_nozzle_x_radius ), units: [length]

outer_cone_x_angle

obligatory, outer cone opening angle of the spray along x-axis, range: (0,180), units: [degrees]

inner_cone_x_angle

inner cone opening angle of the spray along x-axis, range: (0, outer_cone_x_angle ), units: [degrees]

outer_nozzle_y_radius

obligatory, obligatory, outer radius of the nozzle orifice along y-axis, range: (0,∞), units: [length]

inner_nozzle_y_radius

inner radius of the nozzle orifice along y-axis, range: (0, outer_nozzle_y_radius ), units: [length]

outer_cone_y_angle

obligatory, outer cone opening angle of the spray along y-axis, range: (0,180), units: [degrees]

inner_cone_y_angle

inner cone opening angle of the spray along y-axis, range: (0, outer_cone_y_angle ), units: [degrees]

Examples

insertion mode spray_nozzle particle_distribution sprayDist massrate 0.1  velocity constant (0.3, 0, -1.5) &
     nozzle_shape cylinder outer_nozzle_radius 2e-3 center_of_nozzle (0, 0, 0)

insertion mode laser id laserDiode particle_distribution laserDist particlerate 5e7 velocity constant (0, 0, -5) &
     nozzle_shape cylinder outer_nozzle_radius 5. laser_power 1e12 laser_polarization (0, 0, 1) center_of_nozzle (0, 0, 1)

insertion mode spray_nozzle particle_distribution sprayDist massrate 0.1 velocity constant (0.1, 0, -1) &
     nozzle_shape cone outer_cone_angle 120 outer_nozzle_radius 3e-2 center_of_nozzle (-0.2, 0, -0.1)

insertion mode laser id laserDiode particle_distribution laserDist target_particle_count 50 particlerate 5e7 &
     insert_every_time 1e-4 velocity constant (0, 0, -5.) nozzle_shape cone outer_nozzle_radius 5. outer_cone_angle 120 &
     laser_power 1e12 laser_polarization (0, 0, 1) center_of_nozzle (0., 0., 8.)

insertion mode spray_nozzle particle_distribution sprayDist massrate 0.1 velocity constant (0.1, 0, -1) &
     nozzle_shape pyramid pyramid_x_axis (1, 0, 0) pyramid_x_length 0.1 pyramid_y_length 0.2 &
     pyramid_x_angle 45 pyramid_y_angle 0 center_of_nozzle (-0.2, 0, -0.1)

insertion mode spray_nozzle particle_distribution sprayDist massrate 2e-3 velocity constant (0, -1, -1) &
     nozzle_shape elliptic_cylinder ellipsoid_x_axis (1, 0, 1) center_of_nozzle (-0.2, 0, -0.1) &
     outer_nozzle_x_radius 2.5e-2 outer_nozzle_y_radius 1.3e-2

insertion mode spray_nozzle particle_distribution sprayDist massrate 2e-3 velocity constant (0, -1, -1) &
     nozzle_shape elliptic_cylinder ellipsoid_x_axis (1, 0, 1) center_of_nozzle (-0.2, 0, -0.1) &
     outer_nozzle_x_radius 2.5e-2 inner_nozzle_x_radius 1.5e-2 outer_nozzle_y_radius 1.3e-2 inner_nozzle_y_radius 1e-2

insertion mode spray_nozzle particle_distribution sprayDist target_mass 1 massrate 0.1 &
     insert_every_time 1e-2 velocity constant (0.1, 0, -1) nozzle_shape elliptic_cone &
     ellipsoid_x_axis (1, 0, 1) center_of_nozzle (-0.2, 0, -0.1) outer_cone_x_angle 90 inner_cone_x_angle 40 &
     outer_cone_y_angle 20 inner_cone_y_angle 0 outer_nozzle_x_radius 4e-2 inner_nozzle_x_radius 1e-2 &
     outer_nozzle_y_radius 3e-2 inner_nozzle_y_radius 1e-2

insertion mode spray_nozzle particle_distribution sprayDist target_mass 1 massrate 0.1 &
     insert_every_time 1e-2 velocity constant (0.1, 0, -1) nozzle_shape elliptic_cone &
     ellipsoid_x_axis (1, 0, 1) center_of_nozzle (-0.2, 0, -0.1) outer_cone_x_angle 90 outer_cone_y_angle 20 &
     inner_cone_y_angle 0 outer_nozzle_x_radius 4e-2 outer_nozzle_y_radius 3e-2

Description

All nozzle shapes use the direction of the insertion velocity as their normal vector.

The usage of droplet materials and spray nozzles is demonstrated in this tutorial.

The usage of mass-less particles in laser beams is discussed in this tutorial.

The general shape of a spray nozzle of shape cylinder or cone can be seen here:

_images/tutorial_spray.png

ro corresponds to the outer_nozzle_radius, ri to the inner_nozzle_radius, αo to the outer_cone_angle and αi to the inner_cone_angle.

The general shape of a spray nozzle of shape pyramid can be seen here:

_images/tutorial_spray_pyramid.png

x-axis corresponds to pyramid_x_axis, lx corresponds to the pyramid_x_length, ly to the pyramid_y_length and αx to the pyramid_x_angle. The pyramid_y_angle is defined analogously to the pyramid_x_angle and not shown in the sketch above.

The general shape of a spray nozzle of shape elliptic_cylinder and elliptic_cone can be seen here:

_images/tutorial_spray_ellipsoid.png

x-axis corresponds to the ellipsoid_x_axis , ro,x to the outer_nozzle_x_radius, r1,x to the inner_nozzle_x_radius, αo,x to the outer_cone_x_angle, αi,x to the inner_cone_x_angle, ro,y to the outer_nozzle_y_radius, ri,y to the inner_nozzle_y_radiuso,y to the outer_cone_y_angle, and αi,y to inner_cone_y_angle.

In all cases the center_of_nozzle keyword is used to define the center of the nozzle (see documentation of insertion types spray_nozzle and laser for more details and other keywords).